Tax planning is the process of looking at various tax strategy options to determine when, whether, and how to conduct business and personal transactions to reduce or eliminate tax liability. But why is tax planning so important? You might be thinking that with potential major changes to the tax code, it’s hard to know what the future will bring. Outlining a tax strategy with your accountant is an important part of the financial plan for your business and can position your business for its best year yet.
Many small business owners ignore tax planning. They don’t even think about their taxes until it’s time to file their taxes, but tax planning is an ongoing process and good tax advice is a valuable commodity. It is to your benefit to review your income and expenses and meet with your CPA or tax advisor on continuous basis to analyze how you can take full advantage of the provisions, credits and deductions that are legally available to you.
Although tax avoidance planning is legal, tax evasion – the reduction of tax through deceit, subterfuge, or concealment – is not. Frequently what sets tax evasion apart from tax avoidance is the IRS’s finding that there was fraudulent intent on the part of the business owner. The following are four of the areas the IRS examiners commonly focus on as pointing to possible fraud:
Failure to report substantial amounts of income such as a shareholder’s failure to report dividends or a law firm partner’s failure to report a portion of their receipts.
Claims for fictitious or improper deductions on a return such as a lawyer’s substantial overstatement of travel expenses or a law firm’s claim of a large deduction for charitable contributions when no verification exists.
Accounting irregularities such as a business’s failure to keep adequate records or a discrepancy between amounts reported on a corporation’s return and amounts reported on its financial statements.
Improper allocation of income to a related taxpayer who is in a lower tax bracket such as where a corporation makes distributions to the controlling shareholder’s children.
Tax Planning Strategies
Countless tax planning strategies are available to small business owners. Some are aimed at the owner’s individual tax situation and some at the business itself, but regardless of how simple or how complex a tax strategy is, it will be based on structuring the strategy to accomplish one or more of these often overlapping goals:
Reducing the amount of taxable income
Lowering your tax rate
Controlling the time when the tax must be paid
Claiming any available tax credits
Controlling the effects of the Alternative Minimum Tax
Avoiding the most common tax planning mistakes
In order to plan effectively, you’ll need to estimate your personal and business income for the next few years. This is necessary because many tax planning strategies will save tax dollars at one income level, but will create a larger tax bill at other income levels. You will want to avoid having the “right” tax plan made “wrong” by erroneous income projections. Once you know what your approximate income will be, you can take the next step: estimating your tax bracket.
The effort to come up with crystal-ball estimates may be difficult and by its very nature will be inexact. On the other hand, with the help of your accountant, you should already be projecting your sales revenues, income, and cash flow for general business planning purposes. The better your estimates are, the better the odds that your tax planning efforts will succeed. Proactive planning for your tax liabilities throughout the entire year will result in the most savings. Proper tax planning can keep your business on stable financial ground and will enable you to take advantage of all the tax deductions that are available.